Sunday, October 29, 2023

Turning much colder today and staying chilly for most of next week; rain to the south and first snow of the season to the north tonight into Monday, with accumulations likely especially in higher terrain; below freezing temperatures for almost everyone later in the week; cold likely to return after a modest warmup next weekend

Plain-language summary:

After unseasonably warm temperatures for most of this week, it is much colder today with rain in southern areas. A storm will bring light to moderate rain in southern areas and wet snow in northern areas tonight into tomorrow morning, with light slushy accumulations possible in lower elevations and up to 4” (10 cm) possible in higher elevations. It will turn even colder afterward through Thursday, but with little precipitation other than a few snow showers. It will likely warm up somewhat next weekend, but then turn colder again for the following week. Overall below-average temperatures in the first half of November, with a restoration of a strong temperature gradient and jet stream, will likely lead to measurable or accumulating snow for almost everyone at some point.
 
Meteorological discussion:
 
After unseasonably warm temperatures for most of this week, a strong cold front passed through yesterday, bringing in much colder air today, but its advance has been halted by a strong southeast U.S. ridge and a couple of weak disturbances. The first disturbance is bringing rain to the southern Adirondacks to southern Maine this afternoon, with ice pellets mixing in at times, while it stays mainly dry but cloudy to the north. The disturbance will move out tonight, but the second, slightly stronger storm will move in from the southwest tonight. Although the storm is still relatively weak, the strong temperature gradient will enhance the upward motion, and precipitation could reach moderate intensity at times. The air will be cold enough for snow to fall in eastern Ontario, southern Quebec, and northern Maine Sunday night into Monday morning. With surface temperatures just above freezing and the ground being still warm from the warm fall so far, a slushy accumulation of up to 1” (2.5 cm) is possible in the lower elevations like the Ottawa and St. Lawrence valleys, with up to 4” (10 cm) possible in the higher terrain, especially in northwestern Maine and neighboring southeastern Quebec where surface temperatures will be colder and the snow will be more intense. Incredibly, many areas will see the first snow before the first freeze! Farther south, temperatures even aloft will be too warm for snow, leading to just rain, even at higher elevations, except possibly on the front and back ends. 
 
Source: TropicalTidbits

 
Source: PivotalWeather

 
Even colder air will filter in behind the weak storm, with widespread below freezing temperatures Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday nights, even in urban areas and near bodies of water. This is incredibly late for the first freeze, especially away from urban areas and bodies of water. A deepening trough over the Midwest U.S. will interact with a disturbance farther southeast and could partially phase with it Wednesday, leading to a strengthening storm, though it appears now that the storm will get going too late and too far offshore for more than a few snow showers with little or no accumulation for most. A high pressure follows for Thursday, but then the high pressure shifts to the south, leading to southwesterly flow and moderating temperatures and mostly dry conditions through next weekend.
 
Source: TropicalTidbits

 
There is some debate as to whether the cold pattern will resume after next weekend. There is a lot of cold air building in southern Canada, but a southeast U.S. ridge could block the cold air from entering from time to time. With the NAO being neutral instead of negative like it has been most of the time since July, the jet stream and temperature gradient will be seasonably strong or perhaps even stronger than usual. A near neutral PNA will likely allow for those at times potent cold shots to penetrate at least into northern New England. One of these cold shots are likely to occur after next weekend. With appropriately timed storms, we will likely see the first widespread measurable or accumulating snow. Temperatures appear to be mostly below average for the first half of November, in stark contrast to September and October.
 
Source: TropicalTidbits

 
Source: TropicalTidbits
 
 
Source: Climate Prediction Center

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